Classification and characteristics of common reduction motors
04 Dec,2024
Reduction motors are mainly used to reduce speed and increase torque to meet work requirements. There are many types of reduction motors, and their classification can be divided according to the type of drive, the shape of the gear, and the number of drive stages. When divided by the drive type, they can be divided into gear reduction motors, worm reduction motors, planetary gear reduction motors, and reduction motors composed of gears and worms. According to the shape of the gear, it can be divided into cylindrical gear reduction motors, bevel gear reduction motors, and bevel-cylindrical gear reduction motors. When divided according to the number of drive stages, it can be divided into single-stage reduction motors and multi-stage reduction motors.
Common reduction motors composed of gears and worms mainly include gear reduction motors, worm reduction motors, worm-gear reduction motors, planetary gear reduction motors, cycloid pinwheel reduction motors, harmonic gear reduction motors, etc., and these six types of reduction motors already have series products. When selecting, only when you can't find a suitable product, you can design and manufacture the reduction motor yourself.
Introduction to the characteristics of common reduction motors: Gear reduction motors are used, with simple structure, easy precision, and the gear teeth can be made into straight teeth, helical teeth and herringbone teeth. Worm reduction motors have compact structure, large drive ratio, smooth operation, low noise, but relatively low efficiency. Worm-gear reduction motors have two forms: gear drive in the speed stage and worm drive in the speed stage. The former has a compact structure and the latter has high drive efficiency.
The planetary gear drive of the planetary gear reduction motor effectively utilizes power splitting and the coaxiality of input and output, as well as reasonable use of internal meshing. Therefore, compared with ordinary fixed-axis gear drives, planetary gear reduction motors have the characteristics of small mass, small size, large drive ratio, large load-bearing capacity, smooth drive and drive efficiency. Because of these characteristics, planetary gear reduction motors are widely used in mechanical fields such as metallurgy, mining, construction, and aviation.
The cycloid pinwheel reduction motor adopts the principle of small tooth difference planetary drive. Its driving process is to install a double eccentric sleeve with a 180-degree offset on the input shaft, and install two roller bearings called swing arms on the eccentric sleeve to form an H mechanism. The center holes of the two cycloid wheels are the eccentric sleeves, and the raceways of the upper arm bearings are meshed with the cycloid wheels and the pin gears to form an internal meshing reduction mechanism with a tooth difference of one. Harmonic gear drive is the abbreviation of harmonic gear planetary drive. Harmonic gear reduction motor drive is a small tooth difference planetary drive, usually composed of rigid cylindrical gears, flexible cylindrical gears, wave generators and flexible bearings.
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